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Flag of Yemen

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Republic of Yemen
UseNational flag and ensign Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag
Proportion2:3
Adopted22 May 1990; 34 years ago (1990-05-22)
DesignA horizontal tricolour of red, white and black
Presidential standard
Presidential standard of the Republic of Yemen
Proportion2:3
DesignThe national flag with the Yemeni coat of arms on the canton corner.
Flag of the Armed Forces
Armed Forces flag of the Republic of Yemen
Proportion2:3
DesignThe national flag with the Emblem of the Yemeni Armed Forces in the canton corner.
Army flag
Army flag of the Republic of Yemen
Proportion2:3
DesignA red field with the national flag in the canton corner, and the Emblem of the Yemeni Armed Forces centered on the fly side.
Navy Flag
Naval ensign of the Republic of Yemen
Proportion2:3
DesignA blue field with the national flag in the canton corner, and the Emblem of the Yemeni Navy centered on the fly side.
Air force flag
Air force flag of the Republic of Yemen
Proportion2:3
DesignA sky blue field with the national flag in the canton corner, and the Emblem of the Yemeni Air Force centered on the fly side.

The national flag of Yemen (Arabic: علم اليمن, romanized: 'Alam al-Yaman) was adopted on 22 May 1990—the day of the Yemeni unification. The flag of Yemen resembles the Arab Liberation Flag of 23 July 1952, introduced after the Egyptian Revolution of 1952 in which Arab nationalism was a dominant theme. The Arab Liberation Flag of 23 July 1952 served as the derivation for the flags of both North and South Yemen prior to unification by omiting the distinctive elements from the existing designs, as well as for the current flags of Egypt, Iraq, Sudan, Palestine and Syria.[1]

According to the official description, the red stands for unity and the bloodshed of martyrs, the white for a bright future, and the black for the supposed dark past. The flag is graphically identical to the flag of the Libyan Arab Republic from 1969 to 1972.[1]

Colors

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Construction sheet

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construction sheet of the flag

Meaning behind the colors

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Scheme Textile colour
Red the blood of martyrs who struggle to achieve independence and unity[2][3]
White Represents a bright future[2][3]
Black To stand for the dark days of the past[2][3]

Color shades

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Colors scheme 		Red White Black
Hexadecimal #CE1126 #FFFFFF #000000
RGB 206–17–38 255–255–255 0–0–0

Government flags

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Regional flags

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Main article: Federalization of Yemen

The Federalization of Yemen or the Federal Republic of Yemen was the outcome of the National Dialogue Conference. The Dialogue members also agreed that Yemen would be transformed into a six-region federal system.[4] The regions would be Azal in the North, Saba in the center, Tihama in the West, Aden and Janad in the South, and Hadhramaut in the East.

Historical flags

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Before Yemen was unified into the present-day Republic of Yemen in 1990, it existed as two states, North and South Yemen.

Kingdom of Yemen

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Kingdom of Yemen
UseHistorical Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag
Proportion2:3
Adopted1927; 97 years ago (1927)
Relinquished1970; 54 years ago (1970)
(North Yemen civil war)


The Kingdom of Yemen was never a British protectorate, it was nominally part of the Ottoman empire until 1918 and was independent thereafter. Independently, here were two British protectorates (known as the Eastern and Western Aden Protectorates) which contained 24 sultanates, emirates and sheikhdoms in the hinterland of Aden.[5]

The flag was in use until 1962 when the imam was overthrown and the Yemen Arab Republic was established. A civil war between republicans (supported by Egypt) and royalists (supported by Saudi Arabia) continued until 1970, with the royalist side continuing to use the flag of the kingdom.[5]

Meaning behind the flag

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The five stars represent the five natural geographic divisions of Yemen; they also recall the Five Pillars of Islam, and the five times a day the prayers are recited by the faithful.[5]

The saber, widely used as an emblem by Arabs, and the red field on which it is placed, are reminders to the people of the blood they have sacrificed in defense of the liberty and independence of their country.[5]

Yemen Arab Republic

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North Yemen
UseHistorical Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag
Proportion2:3
AdoptedNovember 1, 1962; 61 years ago (1962-11-01)
(slight adaptation from September 26, 1962)
RelinquishedMay 22, 1990; 34 years ago (1990-05-22)
(Yemeni unification)
DesignA horizontal tricolour of red, white, and black with a green five-pointed star in the centre

After its independence from the Ottoman Empire, the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen used a red flag with a sword and stars for most of its existence, from 1927 to 1970. When it became the Yemen Arab Republic in 1962, the flag adopted the Arab Liberation colors of 1952 with one green star in the center of the white band.

South Yemen

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Main article: Flag of South Yemen
South Yemen
Flag of South Yemen
UseHistorical Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag
Proportion2:3
AdoptedNovember 30, 1967; 56 years ago (1967-11-30)
RelinquishedMay 22, 1990; 34 years ago (1990-05-22)
(Yemeni unification)
DesignA horizontal tricolour of red, white and black with a sky-blue chevron with a tilted red star (the emblem of the Yemeni Socialist Party) next to the hoist.

The flag of the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen in the South was the Arab Liberation Flag of 1952 with a sky-blue chevron with a red star (the emblem of the Yemeni Socialist Party) next to the hoist. The flag was adopted on 30 November 1967 when South Yemen declared independence from the United Kingdom until the Yemeni unification in 1990. It was used again for a few months in 1994 during the existence of the Democratic Republic of Yemen. Today, the South Yemeni flag is used by the separatist supporters from the Southern Movement and the Southern Transitional Council.

Federation of South Arabia

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Other Yemeni polities

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Eastern Yemen

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The Protectorate of South Arabia consists of states located at the southern central tip of the Arabian Peninsula (Hadhramaut) under protection agreements with Britain. The states did not join the Federation of South Arabia. The protectorate became from southern Yemen after the Radfan uprising and the coup against the Sultans of the provinces. Now it is part of the Republic of Yemen.

Protectorate of South Arabia

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Political flags

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Smith, Whitney (February 16, 2001). "Flag of Yemen". Britannica. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  2. ^ a b c "Flag of Yemen | History, Design & Meaning | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
  3. ^ a b c Crouch, Alex (2015-05-18). "Flag of Yemen". The Flag Institute. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
  4. ^ "Yemen to become six-region federation". Al Jazeera English. 10 Feb 2014. Retrieved 16 March 2014.
  5. ^ a b c d "Yearbook of the United Nations 1951". Yearbook of the United Nations. 1951-12-31. doi:10.18356/63e49774-en. ISBN 978-92-1-060218-1. ISSN 2412-1541.
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